column to enable/disable backorders is called "Backorders". It is of checkbox type.
Check settings to see if you maybe turned it off.
If you still don't see it run "Clean Layout Cache"
I can see the backorder column but it doesn't seem to work, or there is sth wrong with the way I do it.
When instock = true and backorders =yes then I can see the add to cart button // message= available
When instock = false and backorders =yes then I CAN'T see the add to cart button // message= not in stock
When instock = false and backorders =notify then I CAN'T see the add to cart button // message= not in stock
If I do it manually, I can set the STOCK STATUS to either in stock/out of stock/ on backorder
If I choose on backorder then I can see the add to cart button with a different message than all the above.